Which concept is described as preventing occurrences of disaster or limiting consequences, and includes risk map and resource map?

• A. Secondary prevention
• B. Disaster management
• C. Tertiary prevention
• D. Primary prevention

Answer: (D)

This question tests the idea of preventing harm before it occurs and reducing the potential impact through planning. Actions taken before a disaster strikes, especially mapping the hazards and the available resources, are about stopping problems or easing their consequences through proactive measures. Mapping risks helps identify who and what is vulnerable, where gaps exist, and what capabilities are available to respond, so communities can strengthen defenses, enforce safer practices, and allocate resources in advance. That forward-looking, preventive approach is the essence of primary prevention.

Secondary prevention would focus on early detection and treatment after an exposure or illness has begun, not on stopping the disaster from happening in the first place. Tertiary prevention aims to minimize damage and disability once a disaster or illness has already occurred. Disaster management as a whole covers all phases, including response and recovery, but the description here centers on pre-event prevention and risk reduction, which aligns with primary prevention.